Peptide Acylation from Polysorbate Degradation Products
How polysorbate 80 and polysorbate 20 degradation products cause peptide acylation through nucleophilic attack by lysine, histidine, and N-terminal groups.
Articles
Reconstituted Peptide Aggregation: Causes & Prevention
Learn how reconstituted peptide aggregation through nucleation-dependent polymerization reduces bioactive peptide yield and how to prevent it during storage.
Peptide Aspartate Isomerization & Succinimide Degradation
Learn how reconstituted peptide aspartate isomerization via succinimide-mediated beta-aspartyl shift degrades stored peptides and how pH affects this pathway.
Peptide Beta-Elimination: Crosslink Formation in Storage
Learn how beta-elimination of serine, cysteine, and phosphoserine residues generates dehydroalanine intermediates causing lanthionine crosslinks in reconstituted peptides.
Asp-Pro Peptide Bond Cleavage in Reconstituted Peptides
Learn how Asp-Pro peptide bond cleavage occurs during storage via acid-catalyzed hydrolysis, cyclic anhydride intermediates, and prolyl nitrogen protonation.
Peptide Backbone Fragmentation via Hydroxyl Radicals
Learn how reconstituted peptides degrade through hydroxyl radical-mediated backbone fragmentation during storage in oxygenated solutions with trace metals.
Histidine Oxidation in Peptides: 2-Oxohistidine Formation
Learn how histidine residues in reconstituted peptides undergo metal-catalyzed oxidation to 2-oxohistidine via Fenton chemistry and how to prevent it.
Methionine Sulfoxide Formation in Reconstituted Peptides
Learn how methionine sulfoxide formation occurs in reconstituted peptides through ROS-mediated oxidation, generating R- and S-sulfoxide diastereomers during storage.
Peptide Transglutamination: Isopeptide Crosslinks in Storage
Learn how reconstituted peptides form epsilon-(gamma-glutamyl)lysine isopeptide crosslinks via non-enzymatic transglutamination during storage, causing 17 Da mass losses.
Peptide Proline Cis-Trans Isomerization During Storage
Reconstituted peptides undergo proline cis-trans isomerization during storage, creating conformational heterogeneity that alters biological activity. Learn how temperature and sequence affect stability.